Navigating the Evolving Treatment Landscape for Early-Stage NSCLC: Personalizing Care Through Biomarker-Guided Strategies and Multidisciplinary Approaches

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Optimizing Treatment in Resectable Early-Stage NSCLC

Recent data from pivotal trials continue to shape the treatment landscape for resectable early-stage NSCLC, emphasizing the benefits of perioperative and neoadjuvant immunotherapy-based regimens.

• AEGEAN (ASCO 2024, Abstract 8011): This study demonstrated the efficacy of neoadjuvant durvalumab plus chemotherapy, followed by adjuvant durvalumab, in improving event-free survival and pathological complete response (pCR) rates compared to chemotherapy alone.
• CheckMate 816 (ASCO 2024, LBA8010): Updated findings reaffirm the long-term survival benefits of neoadjuvant nivolumab plus chemotherapy, showing improved overall survival and sustained pCR benefits in resectable NSCLC.
• CheckMate 77T (ASCO 2024, LBA8007): This trial highlights the advantages of perioperative nivolumab combined with chemotherapy, demonstrating significant EFS and OS improvements over standard approaches.
• KEYNOTE-671 (NEJM, 2023): The addition of perioperative pembrolizumab to chemotherapy continues to show robust survival benefits, reinforcing its role in early-stage NSCLC management.

These data have increasingly supported the integration of immune checkpoint inhibitors into perioperative treatment strategies, improving long-term outcomes. Clinically, the selection of specific regimens is guided by disease stage, biomarker status, and individual patient factors, ensuring a personalized approach to optimizing surgical outcomes.